Lykkers, are you a photographer and you are looking for how to take better shoots? Photographic composition draws heavily from classical art. The principles that guided great artists centuries ago continue to shape how images are composed today.
One key concept that has stood the test of time is symmetry. Incorporating symmetry and patterns into photography adds structure, draws attention, and enhances visual appeal.
What Is Symmetry?
Symmetry occurs when parts of an image mirror each other. A classic example is the human form—left and right sides appear nearly identical. When an image can be folded along a central axis and both halves match, it is symmetrical.
Symmetry exists everywhere in nature and human-made structures alike. Cars, aircraft, buildings, and everyday objects often feature symmetry, as it naturally appeals to the human mind and is associated with visual beauty.
Types of Symmetry in Photography
Three forms of balance to enhance composition
There are three main types of symmetry photographers can use to create powerful imagery:
1. Horizontal Symmetry
This occurs when the upper and lower parts of an image reflect each other. A classic scene includes a mountain range mirrored in the calm surface of a lake.
2. Vertical Symmetry
This is the most commonly seen form, especially in portraits. Faces of people and animals typically display vertical symmetry, where the left side closely mirrors the right.
3. Radial Symmetry
Radial symmetry revolves around a central point. It’s seen in natural elements such as flowers and in design elements like staircases, wheel spokes, or decorative windows. Architectural structures often incorporate radial symmetry to create a sense of grandeur and precision.
Using Equipment for Symmetry
Symmetrical photography does not demand special gear. The technique can be applied with any type of camera—from simple devices to professional equipment. However, using a tripod can help ensure the camera remains level, making it easier to maintain perfect alignment. Tripods also encourage more thoughtful composition by requiring slower, more deliberate framing.
Many cameras include features like built-in leveling tools or grid overlays, which aid in aligning shots accurately. Using live-view on digital displays rather than a viewfinder allows for a clearer assessment of how the photo will appear, helping to spot symmetry or imbalance more easily.
Techniques for Capturing Symmetry
Symmetry appears not only in structure but also in reflection. Still water—such as lakes or puddles—can act as a natural mirror, doubling the elements above and enhancing balance. Creative use of reflective surfaces like windows, glass buildings, or mirrors can add a dynamic touch by shifting the symmetry axis.
Artificial symmetry can also be introduced during post-processing or by positioning subjects deliberately within the frame. Symmetry doesn’t have to dominate the entire image. Partial symmetry can be just as striking when balanced with intentional asymmetry to draw focus or create contrast.
Breaking the Pattern Purposefully
Perfect symmetry isn’t always the goal. Including an element that breaks the symmetry—like a person standing on one side of a stairwell—can actually emphasize the overall balance. This approach adds depth and keeps the viewer engaged. Using symmetry selectively, such as in one portion of the frame, can also highlight differences or direct attention strategically.
Architectural and Street Photography
Buildings, bridges, and other structures provide endless opportunities for exploring symmetry. Straight roads, repeating patterns, and geometric lines contribute to visually balanced compositions. Sidewalks, corridors, and facades often provide natural leading lines that align well with symmetrical framing.
Leading Lines and Symmetry
Leading lines guide the eye through an image and can be used in harmony with symmetrical arrangements. Elements like roads, fences, railings, or beams help structure a photo, leading the viewer toward the central subject or vanishing point. This enhances depth and supports the image’s symmetry by reinforcing directional flow.
Creating Symmetry Artificially
Even when scenes lack natural symmetry, it’s possible to introduce it through framing, perspective, or digital tools. Several mobile apps offer mirroring functions to create symmetrical effects from any photograph. This can be particularly fun and useful in experimental photography or social media content.
Conclusion: Beauty in Simmetry
Symmetry remains one of the most powerful tools in photography. It offers a timeless method to achieve visual appeal, structure, and engagement in images. By understanding its types and exploring thoughtful techniques, every photographer can harness symmetry to craft images that truly resonate.
